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A Research on the planet motifs of mosques from the Buyid period from archetypal perspective
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Raha Resaleh *   |
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Abstract: (7 Views) |
According to Carl Gustav Jung, the Swiss psychologist, archetypes are images and thoughts that reside in the unconscious of individuals. Jung considers archetypes to be the result of the experiences of all humans and says that this heritage has remained in the human mind since ancient times. He believes that archetypes are universal across all cultures and are not dependent on concepts such as race, religion, place, and time. These archetypes appear in various aspects of human life, such as dreams and myths, and art is consider one of the main domains of the emergence of archetypes. Jung introduces several archetypes in his school of psychology. One of the most important of them is the mother archetype. This archetype has a real aspect like a real mother and grandmother, also has a virtual aspect that appears in all things that have motherly characteristics in both positive and negative forms. Considering that Jung views plants as forms of the archetypal mother, this research has an archetypal approach and examines the concept of the archetypal mother. Its goal is to find plant motifs used in mosques from the Buyid period that illustrate archetypal concepts, particularly the forms of the archetypal mother. The reason for selecting a collection of buildings from the Buyid period is that the architecture of this important period in the history of Iran less studied and is less recognized. Mosques related to the Buyid period include: the entrance of the Jurjir Mosque, parts of the Jameh Mosque of Isfahan, sections of the Jameh Mosque of Naein and architectural decorations that were added to the mosque during the Buyid period, the Mohammadiyeh Mosque of Naein, the main structure in some mosques such as the Jameh Mosque of Natanz, the Qervah Mosque of Zanjan the oldest part of Jameh Mosque of Kabir Neyriz, the Jameh Mosque of Saveh, and parts of the Jameh Mosque of Sirjan which were discovered in archaeological excavations. On the other side, to date, the decorative motifs used in architecture have not been study with an archetypal method. This research poses two questions: first, what are the plant motifs in the studied buildings, and second, what relationship exists between the archetypal mother concept and the plant patterns used. In this research, the data was initially collected using documentary methods, then, the data was study using descriptive and analytical methods. The result of this research showed that only two mosques from the Buyid period have notable plant motifs, namely the Jameh Mosque of Naein and the entrance of the Jorjir Mosque, which are among the most important mosques of the Buyid period. The obtained plant motifs include the tree of life, grapevine and grapes, pomegranate, tulip, and lotus. The highest frequency is relate to the grapevine, pomegranate, and lotus. The study of these plants showed that the most significant symbolic meanings of these plants are the same across different cultures and they are symbols of the mother archetype. The most important of these symbols are fertility, birth, growth, and abundance.
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| Keywords: Archetype, Mother Archetype, Plant Motifs, Buyid, Buyid’s Mosque |
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Full-Text [PDF 846 kb]
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
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